{"id":16418,"date":"2022-03-04T15:18:04","date_gmt":"2022-03-04T15:18:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/peacerep.org\/?page_id=14873"},"modified":"2024-08-27T11:00:54","modified_gmt":"2024-08-27T11:00:54","slug":"how-local-are-local-agreements","status":"publish","type":"publication","link":"https:\/\/gentest.cahss.ed.ac.uk\/dev-peacerep\/publication\/how-local-are-local-agreements\/","title":{"rendered":"How local are local agreements? Shaping local agreements as a new form of third-party intervention in protracted conflicts"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Based on two case studies from Syria, this article argues that unilateral external intervention in protracted conflicts is not only about military and financial support to one or other warring party. Unilateral external actors often get involved in the negotiation of local agreements, creating a hybrid form of intervention that combines the roles of warfighting, mediation, and policing. In this context, external actors are able to transform their military, financial and logistical support to states and non-state armed groups into leverage and negotiating power that determines the outcome of local negotiations, thereby gearing the dynamics of the conflict towards their own interests and away from the local agenda. This hybrid external intervention may, in some circumstances, contribute to an unjust and uncertain stabilisation process, while in other circumstances, it can undermine local peace efforts. The clear implication is the need for a greater role and mandate for multilateral actors.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Author:<\/strong> Rim Turkmani<\/p>\n<p><strong>This article was published in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/journals\/rpcb20\">Peacebuilding<\/a>.<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Based on two case studies from Syria, this article argues that unilateral external intervention in protracted conflicts is not only about military and financial support to one or other warring<a class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/gentest.cahss.ed.ac.uk\/dev-peacerep\/publication\/how-local-are-local-agreements\/\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":166,"featured_media":16505,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_FSMCFIC_featured_image_caption":"","_FSMCFIC_featured_image_nocaption":"","_FSMCFIC_featured_image_hide":""},"categories":[235],"tags":[658],"authors":[1772],"class_list":["post-16418","publication","type-publication","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-publication","tag-publication","authors-turkmani","themes-peace-processes"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>How local are local agreements? Shaping local agreements as a new form of third-party intervention in protracted conflicts - PeaceRep<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"How local are local agreements? Shaping local agreements as a new form of third-party intervention in protracted conflicts - PeaceRep\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Based on two case studies from Syria, this article argues that unilateral external intervention in protracted conflicts is not only about military and financial support to one or other warringRead More\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/gentest.cahss.ed.ac.uk\/dev-peacerep\/publication\/how-local-are-local-agreements\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"PeaceRep\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-08-27T11:00:54+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/gentest.cahss.ed.ac.uk\/dev-peacerep\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Capture.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"554\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"554\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@peace_rep_\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gentest.cahss.ed.ac.uk\\\/dev-peacerep\\\/publication\\\/how-local-are-local-agreements\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gentest.cahss.ed.ac.uk\\\/dev-peacerep\\\/publication\\\/how-local-are-local-agreements\\\/\",\"name\":\"How local are local agreements? Shaping local agreements as a new form of third-party intervention in protracted conflicts - PeaceRep\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gentest.cahss.ed.ac.uk\\\/dev-peacerep\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gentest.cahss.ed.ac.uk\\\/dev-peacerep\\\/publication\\\/how-local-are-local-agreements\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gentest.cahss.ed.ac.uk\\\/dev-peacerep\\\/publication\\\/how-local-are-local-agreements\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gentest.cahss.ed.ac.uk\\\/dev-peacerep\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/03\\\/Capture.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2022-03-04T15:18:04+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-08-27T11:00:54+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gentest.cahss.ed.ac.uk\\\/dev-peacerep\\\/publication\\\/how-local-are-local-agreements\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/gentest.cahss.ed.ac.uk\\\/dev-peacerep\\\/publication\\\/how-local-are-local-agreements\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gentest.cahss.ed.ac.uk\\\/dev-peacerep\\\/publication\\\/how-local-are-local-agreements\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gentest.cahss.ed.ac.uk\\\/dev-peacerep\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/03\\\/Capture.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gentest.cahss.ed.ac.uk\\\/dev-peacerep\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/03\\\/Capture.png\",\"width\":554,\"height\":554,\"caption\":\"Peacebuilding cover\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gentest.cahss.ed.ac.uk\\\/dev-peacerep\\\/publication\\\/how-local-are-local-agreements\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gentest.cahss.ed.ac.uk\\\/dev-peacerep\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Publications\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gentest.cahss.ed.ac.uk\\\/dev-peacerep\\\/publication\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"How local are local agreements? Shaping local agreements as a new form of third-party intervention in protracted conflicts\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gentest.cahss.ed.ac.uk\\\/dev-peacerep\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gentest.cahss.ed.ac.uk\\\/dev-peacerep\\\/\",\"name\":\"PeaceRep\",\"description\":\"Rethinking peace &amp; transition processes in a changing conflict landscape\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gentest.cahss.ed.ac.uk\\\/dev-peacerep\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gentest.cahss.ed.ac.uk\\\/dev-peacerep\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gentest.cahss.ed.ac.uk\\\/dev-peacerep\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"PeaceRep\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gentest.cahss.ed.ac.uk\\\/dev-peacerep\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gentest.cahss.ed.ac.uk\\\/dev-peacerep\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/peacerep.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/06\\\/cropped-PeaceRep-Logo-2_sm-e1654170568701.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/peacerep.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/06\\\/cropped-PeaceRep-Logo-2_sm-e1654170568701.png\",\"width\":508,\"height\":160,\"caption\":\"PeaceRep\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gentest.cahss.ed.ac.uk\\\/dev-peacerep\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/x.com\\\/peace_rep_\"]}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"How local are local agreements? Shaping local agreements as a new form of third-party intervention in protracted conflicts - PeaceRep","robots":{"index":"noindex","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"How local are local agreements? Shaping local agreements as a new form of third-party intervention in protracted conflicts - PeaceRep","og_description":"Based on two case studies from Syria, this article argues that unilateral external intervention in protracted conflicts is not only about military and financial support to one or other warringRead More","og_url":"https:\/\/gentest.cahss.ed.ac.uk\/dev-peacerep\/publication\/how-local-are-local-agreements\/","og_site_name":"PeaceRep","article_modified_time":"2024-08-27T11:00:54+00:00","og_image":[{"width":554,"height":554,"url":"https:\/\/gentest.cahss.ed.ac.uk\/dev-peacerep\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Capture.png","type":"image\/png"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_site":"@peace_rep_","twitter_misc":{"Est. reading time":"2 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/gentest.cahss.ed.ac.uk\/dev-peacerep\/publication\/how-local-are-local-agreements\/","url":"https:\/\/gentest.cahss.ed.ac.uk\/dev-peacerep\/publication\/how-local-are-local-agreements\/","name":"How local are local agreements? Shaping local agreements as a new form of third-party intervention in protracted conflicts - PeaceRep","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/gentest.cahss.ed.ac.uk\/dev-peacerep\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/gentest.cahss.ed.ac.uk\/dev-peacerep\/publication\/how-local-are-local-agreements\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/gentest.cahss.ed.ac.uk\/dev-peacerep\/publication\/how-local-are-local-agreements\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/gentest.cahss.ed.ac.uk\/dev-peacerep\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Capture.png","datePublished":"2022-03-04T15:18:04+00:00","dateModified":"2024-08-27T11:00:54+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/gentest.cahss.ed.ac.uk\/dev-peacerep\/publication\/how-local-are-local-agreements\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/gentest.cahss.ed.ac.uk\/dev-peacerep\/publication\/how-local-are-local-agreements\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/gentest.cahss.ed.ac.uk\/dev-peacerep\/publication\/how-local-are-local-agreements\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/gentest.cahss.ed.ac.uk\/dev-peacerep\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Capture.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/gentest.cahss.ed.ac.uk\/dev-peacerep\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Capture.png","width":554,"height":554,"caption":"Peacebuilding cover"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/gentest.cahss.ed.ac.uk\/dev-peacerep\/publication\/how-local-are-local-agreements\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/gentest.cahss.ed.ac.uk\/dev-peacerep\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Publications","item":"https:\/\/gentest.cahss.ed.ac.uk\/dev-peacerep\/publication\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"How local are local agreements? Shaping local agreements as a new form of third-party intervention in protracted conflicts"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/gentest.cahss.ed.ac.uk\/dev-peacerep\/#website","url":"https:\/\/gentest.cahss.ed.ac.uk\/dev-peacerep\/","name":"PeaceRep","description":"Rethinking peace &amp; transition processes in a changing conflict landscape","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/gentest.cahss.ed.ac.uk\/dev-peacerep\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/gentest.cahss.ed.ac.uk\/dev-peacerep\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/gentest.cahss.ed.ac.uk\/dev-peacerep\/#organization","name":"PeaceRep","url":"https:\/\/gentest.cahss.ed.ac.uk\/dev-peacerep\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/gentest.cahss.ed.ac.uk\/dev-peacerep\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/peacerep.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/cropped-PeaceRep-Logo-2_sm-e1654170568701.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/peacerep.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/cropped-PeaceRep-Logo-2_sm-e1654170568701.png","width":508,"height":160,"caption":"PeaceRep"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/gentest.cahss.ed.ac.uk\/dev-peacerep\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/x.com\/peace_rep_"]}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/gentest.cahss.ed.ac.uk\/dev-peacerep\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication\/16418","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/gentest.cahss.ed.ac.uk\/dev-peacerep\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/gentest.cahss.ed.ac.uk\/dev-peacerep\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/publication"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gentest.cahss.ed.ac.uk\/dev-peacerep\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/166"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gentest.cahss.ed.ac.uk\/dev-peacerep\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/16505"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/gentest.cahss.ed.ac.uk\/dev-peacerep\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16418"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gentest.cahss.ed.ac.uk\/dev-peacerep\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16418"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gentest.cahss.ed.ac.uk\/dev-peacerep\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16418"},{"taxonomy":"authors","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gentest.cahss.ed.ac.uk\/dev-peacerep\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/authors?post=16418"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}