{"id":8207,"date":"2019-05-21T14:19:37","date_gmt":"2019-05-21T14:19:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/peacerep.org\/?page_id=8207"},"modified":"2022-08-18T11:49:31","modified_gmt":"2022-08-18T11:49:31","slug":"brokering-between-networks","status":"publish","type":"publication","link":"https:\/\/gentest.cahss.ed.ac.uk\/dev-peacerep\/publication\/brokering-between-networks\/","title":{"rendered":"Brokering between (not so) overt and (not so) covert networks in conflict zones"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Abstract: <\/strong>There is a tendency to consider covert networks as separate from overt networks. Drawing on data from the Democratic Republic of the Congo, we demonstrate that this is not the case and identify how covert and overt networks are mutually constitutive. While most studies of African brokers have relied on network metaphors like \u2018Big Men\u2019 and \u2018social membranes\u2019, we consider the embeddedness of \u2018covert\u2019 networks in \u2018overt\u2019 networks explicitly. We perform two analyses on a large original dataset encompassing 396 partially overlapping ego-nets obtained from a hybrid link-tracing design. An ego-net analysis reveals a large degree of homophily and a deep embeddedness of the different networks. A multilevel exponential random graph model fitted to the reconstructed network of a 110-node subset shows that demobilised combatants are the actors likely to broker between armed groups, state forces, and civilian blocs, suggesting their capacity to broker peace or foment war.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Keywords: <\/strong>peace processes, peace agreements, networks<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Drawing on data from the Democratic Republic of the Congo, the authors demonstrate how covert and overt networks are mutually constitutive.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":166,"featured_media":8209,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_FSMCFIC_featured_image_caption":"","_FSMCFIC_featured_image_nocaption":null,"_FSMCFIC_featured_image_hide":null},"categories":[1859],"tags":[658],"authors":[1011,1010,1009,1008,754,804],"class_list":["post-8207","publication","type-publication","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-convert","tag-publication","countries-drc","authors-koskinen","authors-muhindo","authors-muzuri","authors-stys","authors-verweijen","authors-vogel","themes-peace-processes"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Brokering between (not so) overt and (not so) covert networks in conflict zones<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Patrycja Stys, Judith Verweijen, Papy Muzuri, Samuel Muhindo, Christoph Vogel &amp; Johan H. Koskinen (2019): Brokering between (not so) overt and (not so) covert networks in conflict zones. Global Crime.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Brokering between (not so) overt and (not so) covert networks in conflict zones\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Patrycja Stys, Judith Verweijen, Papy Muzuri, Samuel Muhindo, Christoph Vogel &amp; Johan H. Koskinen (2019): Brokering between (not so) overt and (not so) covert networks in conflict zones. Global Crime.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/gentest.cahss.ed.ac.uk\/dev-peacerep\/publication\/brokering-between-networks\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"PeaceRep\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2022-08-18T11:49:31+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/gentest.cahss.ed.ac.uk\/dev-peacerep\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/GlobalCrime.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"178\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"239\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@peace_rep_\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"1 minute\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gentest.cahss.ed.ac.uk\\\/dev-peacerep\\\/publication\\\/brokering-between-networks\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gentest.cahss.ed.ac.uk\\\/dev-peacerep\\\/publication\\\/brokering-between-networks\\\/\",\"name\":\"Brokering between (not so) overt and (not so) covert networks in conflict zones\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gentest.cahss.ed.ac.uk\\\/dev-peacerep\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gentest.cahss.ed.ac.uk\\\/dev-peacerep\\\/publication\\\/brokering-between-networks\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gentest.cahss.ed.ac.uk\\\/dev-peacerep\\\/publication\\\/brokering-between-networks\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gentest.cahss.ed.ac.uk\\\/dev-peacerep\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2019\\\/07\\\/GlobalCrime.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2019-05-21T14:19:37+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2022-08-18T11:49:31+00:00\",\"description\":\"Patrycja Stys, Judith Verweijen, Papy Muzuri, Samuel Muhindo, Christoph Vogel & Johan H. 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